Authors: von Stumm, Sophie¹; Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas¹; Furnham, Adrian²

Source: British Journal of Psychology, Volume 100, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 429-442(14)

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• In this Subject: Psychology
• By this author: von Stumm, Sophie ;  Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas ;  Furnham, Adrian

Abstract:

This study examines the structure of self-estimates of intelligence (SEI) across 12 nations (Australia, Austria, Brazil, France, Iran, Israel, Malaysia, South Africa, Spain, Turkey, UK and US). Participants rated themselves on general and specific abilities from three popular models of intelligence: Gardner's multiple intelligences, Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, and Goleman's emotional intelligence. The results showed that (a) laypeople across nations have similar and invariant concepts of intelligence, (b) concepts of intelligence are cross-culturally closely related to academic notions of intellectual ability and (c) sex differences in general and specific SEI favouring men are consistent across countries. Male hubris and female humility in SEI seem independent of sex differences in actual cognitive ability and national levels of masculinity-femininity. Furthermore, international mean differences in general SEI could not be attributed to discrepancies in national intelligence quotient (IQ) levels or to cultural variations.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1348/000712608X357876

Affiliations: 1: Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK 2: Department of Psychology, University College London, London, UK

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